ALIANZA LATINA APLICANDO SOLUCIONES (A.L.A.S.), Inc.
1615 S 22ND STREET
SUITE 109
MILWAUKEE, WI 53204
United States
ph: 414-643-0022
fax: 414-643-0023
alt: Toll free 1-866-249-5055
alasinc
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Each of the disorders on the autism spectrum is a neurological disorder that affects a child’s ability to communicate, understand language, play, and relate to others. They share some or all of the following characteristics, which can vary from mild to severe:
These characteristics are typically evident before the age of three.
Children with autism or one of the other disorders on the autism spectrum can differ considerably with respect to their abilities, intelligence, and behavior. Some children don’t talk at all. Others use language where phrases or conversations are repeated. Children with the most advanced language skills tend to talk about a limited range of topics and to have a hard time understanding abstract concepts. Repetitive play and limited social skills are also evident. Other common symptoms of a disorder on the autism spectrum can include unusual and sometimes uncontrolled reactions to sensory information—for instance, to loud noises, bright lights, and certain textures of food or fabrics.
There are five disorders classified under the umbrella category officially known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders, or PDD. As shown below, these are:
Although there are subtle differences and degrees of severity between these five conditions, the treatment and educational needs of a child with any of these disorders will be very similar. For that reason, the term “autism spectrum disorders”—or ASDs, as they are sometimes called— is used quite often now and is actually expected to become the official term to be used in the future (see the section below called “A Look at ASD Diagnoses in the Future”).
The five conditions are defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) of the American Psychiatric Society (2000). This is also the manual used to diagnose autism and its associated disorders, as well as a wide variety of other disabilities.
At the moment, according to the 2000 edition of the DSM-IV, a diagnosis of autistic disorder (or “classic” autism) is made when a child displays 6 or more of 12 symptoms across three major areas:
When children display similar behaviors but do not meet the specific criteria for autistic disorder, they may be diagnosed as having one of the other disorders on the spectrum—Aspergers, Rett’s, childhood disintegrative disorder, or PDDNOS. PDDNOS (Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified) is the least specific diagnosis and typically means that a child has displayed the least specific of autistic-like symptoms or behaviors and has not met the criteria for any of the other disorders.
Terminology used with autism spectrum disorders can be a bit confusing, especially the use of PDD and PDDNOS to refer to two different things that are similar and intertwined. Still, it’s important to remember that, regardless of the specific diagnosis, treatments will be similar.
The causes of autism and the other disorders on the spectrum are not known. Researchers are currently studying such areas as neurological damage and chemical imbalances within the brain. These disorders are not due, however, to psychological factors or, as has been widely reported in the press, to childhood vaccines.
http://nichcy.org/disability/specific/autism/
Here is a listing of some websites that deal with autism.
http://www.autismclassroom.com – offers information, materials and strategies
http://www.autismspeaks.com – stories and strategies for autism
http://www.elearning.autism.net/visuals.com - offers free printable visuals
http://www.autism4teachers.com – offers links, materials and information
http://www.autism-society.org – all things autism
http://www.oswegocountyautism.org – offers information for those touched by autism
El Autismo
discapacidades/especificas/
autismo#cara
¿Cuáles son los Desórdenes Específicos bajo el Espectro del Autismo?
Hay cinco desórdenes clasificados bajo la categoría oficialmente conocido como Trastorno Generalizado del Desarrollo (PDD en inglés). Como el dibujo demuestra, éstas son:

Cada uno es un desorden neurológico que afecta la habilidad del niño en cuanto a la comunicación, comprensión del lenguaje, el juego y sus relaciones con los demás. Generalmente, estas características son evidentes antes de los 3 años de edad. Aunque hay diferencias sútiles y diferentes niveles de severidad entre las cinco condiciones, el tratamiento y las necesidades educacionales del niño afectado son similares para cada uno. Por esta razón se usa el término “el espectro del autismo” con tanta frecuencia hoy en día.
Se definen estas condiciones en el DSM-IV de la Sociedad Americana de Psiquiatría (2000), el manual de diagnóstico utilizado para clasificar una gran variedad de discapacidades. El diagnóstico del autismo “clásico” se hace cuando el individuo exhibe 6 o más de los 12 síntomas catalogados a través de tres áreas principales:
Cuando los niños exhiben conductas similares pero no cumplen con los criterios del autismo, pueden recibir el diagnóstico de uno de los otros desórdenes en el espectro.
Como padres, Uds. también pueden oir otros términos tales como:
La terminología del autismo puede ser un poco confuso especialmente el uso de PDD y PDDNOS para referir a dos cosas diferentes pero similares y entrelazadas. Sin embargo, es muy importante recordar que, no obstante de cómo se diagnostique a un niño, su tratamiento es similar.
Funded in part by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education (Community Parent Resource Center), Parent to Parent of WI,
Milwaukee County Disability Division.
Views expressed are not necessarily those of the U.S. Department of Education
Fundado en parte por el Departamento de Educación de Estados Unidos, Oficina del Departamento de Educación Especial (Centro de la Cumunidad de Recursos para Padres), Padre a Padre de WI,
Milwaukee County Disability Division.
Las expresiones vistas no son necesariamente las opiniones del Departamento de Educación de Estados Unidos.
Copyright 2013. All rights reserved.
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ALIANZA LATINA APLICANDO SOLUCIONES (A.L.A.S.), Inc.
1615 S 22ND STREET
SUITE 109
MILWAUKEE, WI 53204
United States
ph: 414-643-0022
fax: 414-643-0023
alt: Toll free 1-866-249-5055
alasinc
